You’re reading your child’s IEP, evaluation report, or behavior plan and suddenly you’re stuck on a phrase that feels ...

Evolutionary psychologists suggest that if a set of behaviors—including social behaviors—meet certain criteria, it is reasonable to hypothesize that they evolved because they were, and may still be, ...

In high-risk environments with frequent predator encounters, efficient antipredator behavior is key to survival. Parental effects are a powerful mechanism to prepare offspring for coping with such ...

Scientists have proposed a new AI method in which systems of habitual and goal-directed behaviors learn to help each other. Through computer simulations that mimicked the exploration of a maze, the ...

Fitness is a relative concept. It doesn’t matter how well an organism survives and reproduces. It only matters that it survives and reproduces better than alternative types of organisms. Males of some ...