Overview: Transdermal estradiol is available as a patch, gel, or spray that is applied to the skin to increase estrogen levels. It is used after menopause to prevent osteoporosis or to reduce vaginal ...

Transdermal drug delivery has made an important contribution to medical practice, but has yet to fully achieve its potential as an alternative to oral delivery and hypodermic injections.

Transdermal delivery of drugs, proteins and other bioactive molecules is an attractive alternative for compounds that cannot be administered orally due to degradation in the gastrointestinal tract and ...