Sea urchins look like an inanimate bundle of needles, but a closer look at these alien-like creatures reveals a surprisingly complex “all-body brain” that challenges our assumptions about nervous ...

Your ability to notice what matters visually comes from an ancient brain system over 500 million years old.

The first hint of a brain developed on Earth around 600 million years ago, and now, some version of the organ can be found in nearly every animal in the world. Humans have the largest brain size ...

Gut Microbes may have helped fuel the evolution of large human brains, shaping brain metabolism and gene activity, new ...

Why did humans evolve the eyes we have today? While scientists can't go back in time to study the environmental pressures that shaped the evolution of the diverse vision systems that exist in nature, ...

In the mice with large-brain primate microbes, the researchers found increased expression of genes associated with energy production and synaptic plasticity, the physical process of learning in the ...

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