Compared to the simple diode needed to demodulate AM radio signals, the detector circuits used for FM are slightly more complicated. Wrapping your head around phase detectors, ratio detectors, ...

THE resistance-capacity tuned oscillator is well known as a very good generator of audio-frequency oscillations. In a recent communication by Rakshit and Bhattacharyya 1 it was pointed out that the ...

This post sponsored by Texas Instruments. The LM331 voltage-to-frequency converter is ideally suited for use in simple low-cost circuits for analog-to-digital conversion, precision ...

Fig 1. Two analog multipliers form a VCO with quadrature outputs, while a third multiplier provides AGC to stabilize output voltages without adding distortion. Fig 2. The oscilloscope trace of the VCO ...

Sometimes a circuit requires a data link over an existing cable that doesn’t have any free conductors for a dedicated comm link. A common solution is to superimpose a high-frequency carrier modulated ...