Ever notice that the ESP32-S3 doesn’t have a digital-to-analog converter? [Chris] did and asserts that he doesn’t care because he can just use the PDM system to get the same result. PDM — pulse ...

Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is a basic concept that is employed in many areas of electronics. PWM is a simple averaging method that is used in everything from microwave power percentages to LED ...

Two things have been overlooked with phasing amplitude modulation. One is the importance of pulse modulation; the other is that logic gates can be used for analog signal processing. Both of these ...

A signal generator, a general-purpose piece of test equipment, performs numerous measurements for a variety of applications requiring electromagnetic wave signals as stimuli. Its roots trace back to ...

Have you ever heard terms like modulation scheme, orthoganal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), or symbol rate and scratched your head? As new wireless standards emerge, we get excited about the ...