In 1912, scientists invented X-ray crystallography and revealed a crystal’s atomic structure for the first time Tess Joosse Humans have marveled at crystals for millennia. Viridescent emerald, rich ...

THE attention given, in this laboratory and elsewhere, to the effects produced by passing a beam of Röntgen radiation through crystals suggested to me that it might be of interest to examine the image ...

THE reflection of sunlight from various surfaces, including those of finger nails, skin, paper, wood, plant leaves, and glass slides covered with thin films of dried blood, produces mosaic-like ...

Today, astronomers seek to observe the faintest and most distant objects possible. Extremely Large Telescopes (ELTs), with apertures in the order of several dozen meters, are the next generation ...