Production test of a finished electronic product often involves two techniques: in-circuit test (ICT) and functional component test (FCT). The ICT technique examines a non-powered circuit board to ...

Testing for failure with a multimeter is only partially effective, whereas a dedicated optocoupler testing circuit provides clear results in just seconds. For related tutorials and step-by-step build ...

Why are test points a crucial element in developing a successful circuit? Types of test points available, and the different techniques that employ them. Electronic design has always been an endeavor ...

The importance of properly integrating test points into a PCB design. Test-point deployment considerations. When it comes to creating a modern electronic design, we live in both the best and the worst ...

All engineers know resistance is usually bad news. It generates heat. It reduces efficiency. It wears out components and cuts operational lifetimes. However, resistance is not the only kind of ...

Wherever circuits need protection against current overloads or short circuits, you’ll find circuit breakers. They range from fingernail-sized devices for semiconductor protection to truck-sized ...

Modern printed circuit board assemblies (PCBAs) are designed to support increasingly complex applications in industries such as telecommunications, automotive, consumer electronics, and industrial ...

Circuit models are the heart of worst-case circuit analysis (WCCA). For simulations to be valid, you must gather and vet models or create them yourself; you can't usually rely on the manufacturer's ...

So you have power circuit breakers at your facility, and they seem to be just fine, sitting there quietly doing their job. What you may not realize is that even though your circuit breakers are ...