1. Per-operation type checking overhead ALL (especially arithmetic, mandelbrot, spectral_norm) ~35-40% of gap 2. Function call overhead (recursive dispatch) fibonacci, spectral_norm, method_calls, ...
All generated Java applications use industry-standard JAX-RS annotations (@Path, @GET, @POST, etc.) with Jakarta EE, Grizzly HTTP server, and HK2 dependency injection for lightweight, standards-based ...