Learn more about the nearly invisible layer of carbon that may control how dust grains become electrically charged and how that discovery could help future missions to the moon and Mars.

T he first time I heard about galaxies without dark matter, I was sitting in my very first graduate class at the University of São Paulo. It was 2018, and the discovery had just ...

Abstract: Oceanic polarization light detection and ranging (LiDAR) is a powerful tool for profiling marine optical properties, yet traditional simulation frameworks often neglect polarization effects ...