PCA and K-means clustering applied to Raman and PL imaging reveal structural defects in silicon wafers, enhancing understanding of optoelectronic performance.

AI tools are frequently used in data visualization — this article describes how they can make data preparation more efficient ...

Abstract: In semiconductor manufacturing, virtual metrology (VM) leverages high-dimensional sensor data for real-time quality estimation. However, excessive sensor deployment leads to increased ...

Background Patients with heart failure (HF) frequently suffer from undetected declines in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), which significantly increases their risk of poor outcomes. However, current ...

Computation of training set (X^T * W * X) and (X^T * W * Y) or (X^T * X) and (X^T * Y) in a cross-validation setting using the fast algorithms by Engstrøm and Jensen (2025). FELBuilder is an automated ...

ABSTRACT: Pyrethrum (Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium L.) is an industrial crop with complex morphology and diverse physico-mechanical properties that jeopardize the optimal design of precision ...

Inside living cells, mitochondria divide, lysosomes travel, and synaptic vesicles pulse—all in three dimensions (3Ds) and constant motion. Capturing these events with clarity is vital not just for ...

Orange Data Mining is a Python based visual programming software that has been used widely in many scientific publications. Principal component analysis (PCA) is one of the most common exploratory ...

ABSTRACT: This study applies Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to evaluate and understand academic performance among final-year Civil Engineering students at Mbeya University of Science and ...

Ensure your data are in the proper format. The first column (index 0) should consist of the species name or other identifying information. The second column (index 1) should consist of a standard body ...