Nov 23, 2020 · Substitute checks are copies of an original check which are accepted as legally valid by banks. They were made legal in 2003 by the Check 21 Act, and they are now …

As a negotiable payment instrument in the United States, a substitute check maintains the status of a "legal check" in lieu of the original paper check. The formation and use of substitute …

This document is being made available to the FEDERAL RESERVE BANKS’ website with the permission of ASC X9, Inc. for the purpose of informing banks and the public about important …

Check 21 provides a special process that allows you to claim a refund (also known as an expedited recredit) when you receive a substitute check from a bank and you think there is an …

The law facilitates check truncation by creating a new negotiable instrument called a substitute check, which permits banks to truncate original checks, to process check information …

Dec 14, 2025 · Discover how digitized checks become legal documents, and learn the consumer protections safeguarding you against banking errors. A substitute check is a paper document …

Aug 29, 2024 · Instead of physically transporting the original check across long distances, banks create a substitute check by capturing a digital image of the original. This process ensures …

Jul 7, 2025 · To make check processing faster, federal law permits banks to replace original paper checks with “substitute checks” as governed by the Check Collection for the 21st Century Act …

What is a substitute check? To make check processing faster, federal law permits banks and credit unions to replace original checks with "substitute checks." These checks are similar in …

By authorizing a new instrument called a substitute check, Check 21 enables electronic check exchange. Rather than the costly and inefficient process of physically transporting paper …